This string is tuned to the major or minor third, depending on the respective scale. Instead of the two bass melody strings, pancham and kharaj, only one additional chikari steel string is used for gandhar pancham sitars though. The first two strings, both high chikari strings and the pancham chikari are tuned just like on kharaj pancham sitars (see above). An important note can be tuned twice in the middle octave. The sympathetic strings (taraf) are tuned to the chosen scale, the longest sympathetic string is the tonic, and then they are tuned starting from the next lower seventh up to the high third. When C# is chosen as the tonic, the tuning is as follows: f#, c#, G#, C#, g#, c#', c#". The main playing string (baj or nayaki) is tuned to the fourth. The fifth string (pancham chikari) is the fifth above the tonic and the third string (pancham) is the fifth in the low octave. In this style of playing, the second string (jure) is tuned to the tonic, the fourth string (kharaj) one octave lower, the sixth (chikari) one octave higher and the seventh (chikari) two octaves higher. It can be chosen individually, usually in a range between c and d. The tonic is the central element of the sitar's tuning.
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